Introduction: This systematic review will evaluate the impact of administering dexmedetomidine during surgery on immediate and long-term pain outcomes after Simple Mastectomy. By synthesizing the available evidence, the review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential benefits of (S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole: dexmedetomidine in this specific surgical context and inform clinical practice.Material and Methods: An extensive exploration of electronic databases, specifically PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, was undertaken to pinpoint pertinent studies (during 2000-2023). The search methodology encompassed a fusion of medical subject headings (MeSH) terms and keywords pertinent to "dexmedetomidine," "Mastectomy"," Simple Mastectomy" and "postoperative pain." The search was confined to studies available in the English language. Moreover, the reference lists of identified articles and conference proceedings underwent manual scrutiny to unearth any supplementary studies of relevance.Results: Regarding postoperative pain intensity, the majority of studies reported significantly lower pain scores in the (S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole: dexmedetomidine group compared to the control group at various time points during the immediate postoperative period(p˂0.05). (S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole: dexmedetomidine infusion was associated with reduced pain intensity(p˂0.05), both at rest and with movement(p˃0.05), indicating improved analgesia(p˂0.05).Conclusion: Administering (S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole: dexmedetomidine during surgery for Simple Mastectomy may have a positive impact on immediate and long-term pain outcomes. (S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole: dexmedetomidine infusion is associated with reduced postoperative pain intensity, decreased opioid consumption, prolonged duration of analgesia, and improved patient satisfaction.

Introduction: This systematic review will evaluate the impact of administering dexmedetomidine during surgery on immediate and long-term pain outcomes after Simple Mastectomy. By synthesizing the available evidence, the review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential benefits of (S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole: dexmedetomidine in this specific surgical context and inform clinical practice.Material and Methods: An extensive exploration of electronic databases, specifically PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, was undertaken to pinpoint pertinent studies (during 2000-2023). The search methodology encompassed a fusion of medical subject headings (MeSH) terms and keywords pertinent to "dexmedetomidine," "Mastectomy"," Simple Mastectomy" and "postoperative pain." The search was confined to studies available in the English language. Moreover, the reference lists of identified articles and conference proceedings underwent manual scrutiny to unearth any supplementary studies of relevance.Results: Regarding postoperative pain intensity, the majority of studies reported significantly lower pain scores in the (S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole: dexmedetomidine group compared to the control group at various time points during the immediate postoperative period(p˂0.05). (S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole: dexmedetomidine infusion was associated with reduced pain intensity(p˂0.05), both at rest and with movement(p˃0.05), indicating improved analgesia(p˂0.05).Conclusion: Administering (S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole: dexmedetomidine during surgery for Simple Mastectomy may have a positive impact on immediate and long-term pain outcomes. (S)-4-[1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)ethyl]-1H-imidazole: dexmedetomidine infusion is associated with reduced postoperative pain intensity, decreased opioid consumption, prolonged duration of analgesia, and improved patient satisfaction.Material: A narrative synthesis of the included studies will be conducted to summarize the characteristics, interventions, and outcomes of the studies. The findings will be presented in a tabular format. If deemed appropriate and feasible, a meta-analysis will be performed to calculate pooled effect sizes using appropriate statistical methods (Mantel-Haenszel or inverse variance methods) for the primary outcome measures.Results:The majority of the included studies reported postoperative pain scores as an outcome measure. The findings consistently demonstrated that both acetaminophen and NSAIDs were effective in reducing postoperative pain after esophagectomy. However, no significant differences were observed between the two analgesic options in terms of pain scores. Both groups showed comparable pain relief during the immediate postoperative period.Conclusion: based on the available evidence, both acetaminophen and NSAIDs are effective options for postoperative pain management after esophagectomy. Both analgesics demonstrate comparable efficacy in alleviating pain, reducing opioid consumption, prolonging the time to first analgesic request, and ensuring patient satisfaction. The decision regarding the choice of analgesic should consider individual patient characteristics, comorbidities, and potential adverse effects.

Phyllodes tumors account for less than 1% of breast tumors in women. Giant phyllodes tumors are larger than 10 cm in diameter. A 40-year-old lady presented with a left breast lump that was present for two years. She underwent a Simple Mastectomy.The tumor was 30 ´26´21 cm in size, weighed 15 kg and had a density of 0.915 gr/cm3.We believe this patient had the third largest breast phyllodes tumor according to size, the second largest according to weight and had the highest density among all cases thus reported in English-language publications.

Background: Postoperative pain is a common expected problem. Appropriate medications are important to control pain, especially in breast cancer surgery with a high rate of postoperative acute and chronic pain. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine on acute and chronic pain after Simple Mastectomy. Methods: This is a double-blind clinical trial study which included 110 eligible patients for Simple Mastectomy from Shahid Faghihi Educational and Medical Center in Shiraz between October 2018 and May 2019. The patients were randomized into two groups of intervention who were received intraoperative dexmedetomidine 0. 4 , g/kg/h, and control group who were received the same amount of placebo (normal saline 0. 9%). The severity of acute and incidence of chronic pain were assessed with VAS of pain, and brief pain inventory (BPI), and the number of analgesics (Apotel, Morphine) that patients received in fi, rst 24 hours were recorded postoperatively. Collected data were analyzed, and P-values of less than 0. 05% were considered statistically significant. Results: Here, 110 patients (55 people in each group) were met the inclusion criteria of the study. Based on the result of this study, the mean VAS score of pain in the intervention group (0. 96 ,0. 14) was significantly lower than the control group (4. 44 ,2. 25) (P < 0. 001). Although the incidence of chronic pain was different between the two groups after three months, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0. 871). Moreover, the number of requests and the amount of analgesia (Apotel and Morphine) in the first 24 hours after surgery in patients in the intervention group was significantly less than patients in the control group (P < 0. 001). Also, the time of the first request for analgesia (Apotel, Morphine) in the patients of the intervention group was significantly longer than the control group (P-value = 0. 036). Conclusions: According to the finding of this study, the use of dexmedetomidine during Simple Mastectomy reduces pain, decreases, and delays in requirement of analgesia at the first 24 hours post-operation. However, it did not have a significant effect on chronic pain.

Background: Breast cancer is considered a chronic disease owing to the increases in survival rate. Thus, better body image and patient satisfaction with the surgery have become more important factors to be considered when choosing the surgical approach. The aim of this study was to compare body image and patient satisfaction following three different approaches. Methods: We evaluated 183 consecutive patients who had undergone three different surgeries including breast-conserving surgery (BCS), Mastectomy, or Mastectomy followed by reconstruction (M-R). Body image was evaluated using the BICI questionnaire, and patient satisfaction was rated using a multiple-choice question and a scale ranging from 1 to 10. Results: A significantly better body image was observed in the M-R and BCS groups compared with Mastectomy (P = 0. 02). In body image subscale analysis, social functioning scores were higher in the M-R and BCS groups than in the Mastectomy group (P = 0. 01), but no differences were obtained between surgery groups in appearance dissatisfaction subscale. Patients were more satisfied with BCS than the other two surgeries (P = 0. 008). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it could be proposed that both oncoplastic BCS and implant reconstruction could provide patients with acceptable body image, while BCS could bring about better satisfaction with the surgery. Reconstruction may be an alternative for the patients to improve body image and satisfaction when BCS is not applicable.